Arduino DUE: Pinout, Datesheet, Features, IDE and Simulation

Arduino DUE was the first Arduino board to feature a 32-bit ARM microprocessor, specifically the SAM3X8E ARM Cortex-M3. It operates at a clock speed of 84 MHz, significantly faster than other boards in the Arduino family that typically run at 16 MHz, such as those using an 8-bit ATmega328p processor. This makes it much more powerful and suitable for complex projects requiring high-speed data processing and large memory capacity. The DUE can handle advanced tasks due to its robust processing power, extensive memory, and numerous input/output pins. It is compatible with a 9V battery, making it versatile for various applications. The Arduino DUE was released in October 2012. Designed as a software and hardware platform, it is user-friendly for beginners, designers, and hobbyists. Unlike 8-bit boards that were limited in handling high-speed data and memory, the DUE excels in complex projects that demand high processing speed and the ability to store intricate code. In this article, we will cover its datasheet, specifications, main features, pinouts, IDE, and applications, including setup and comparison with other Arduino boards. Let's dive into the details.  ### Datasheet of Arduino DUE: Arduino DUE stands out among other Arduino boards due to its unique properties and detailed specifications.  | Characteristics | Description | |----------------|-------------| | Microprocessor | Atmel SAM3X8E ARM Cortex-M3 | | Processor speed | 84 MHz | | Flash memory | 256 KB | | SRAM | 96 KB | | EEPROM | Emulated via flash | | Operating voltage | 3.3V | | Digital I/O pins | 54 (12 of which are PWM) | | Analog input | 12 (12-bit resolution) | | Analog output | 2 (for true analog output) | | Communication protocols | UART (4 ports), I²C, SPI, USB OTG | | USB | USB OTG (On-The-Go), USB programming port | | Power input range | 7-12V (via power jack or Vin pin) | | Datasheet | SAM3X8E Datasheet (Microchip) | ### Arduino DUE Pinout:   | Pins type | Pins | Details | |-----------|------|---------| | Digital I/O pins | 0-53 | 54 digital I/O pins, 12 of which support PWM | | PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) | Pins 2–13 | Enable simulated analog output using digital pins | | Analog Input Pins | A0-A11 | 12 analog input pins (12-bit resolution) | | Analog Output (DAC) | DAC0, DAC1 | Two 12-bit DAC pins for true analog output | | Protocol Pins | TX0/RX0 (0, 1), TX1/RX1 (19, 18), TX2/RX2 (17, 16), TX3/RX3 (15, 14) | Four UART serial communication ports | | I²C (SDA/SCL) | 20 (SDA), 21 (SCL) | Dedicated pins for I²C connection | | SPI | 74 (SPI Header) | Connects SPI via a 6-pin header | | USB | Native USB, Programming USB | Native USB allows accurate communication; Programming USB uploads sketches | | Power Pins | VIN, 3.3V, 5V, GND | VIN (external power input, 7-12V), regulated 3.3V and 5V output pins, and ground (GND) | | Reset Pin | RESET | Resets the board, restarting the uploaded sketch | | AREF (Analog Reference) | AREF | Sets the analog reference voltage | ### Features of Arduino DUE: #### Processor: DUE uses the ARM Cortex-M3 core to process 32-bit data, enabling faster mathematical operations and higher precision. It is ideal for projects requiring high processing power to handle complex tasks efficiently. #### Memory: DUE has 256 KB of flash memory for storing large programs and complex coding, 96 KB of SRAM for temporary data storage during program execution, and emulated EEPROM for non-volatile data storage. ### Voltage: Arduino DUE operates at 3.3V, making it compatible with modern devices and sensor modules that require 3.3V. Connecting 5V directly to the DUE without level shifting may damage the board. ### Variety of I/O pins: DUE has 54 digital I/O pins, 12 of which support PWM for generating stimulated analog output. It also includes 12 analog input pins (A0-A11) with 12-bit resolution and two analog output pins (DAC0 and DAC1) for real analog output. ### High precision: With 12 analog input pins and 12-bit resolution, DUE offers high precision, making it suitable for environmental monitoring, scientific experiments, and signal processing. ### Arduino DUE IDE and Simulation: #### Arduino IDE: The Arduino IDE is user-friendly for both beginners and experts, allowing code writing, compiling, and uploading. It includes a code editor, library manager, serial monitor, and examples and tutorials to help users get started. #### Setup for Arduino DUE: To set up the DUE, download and install the Arduino IDE from the official website. Select the DUE board from the list, connect it via USB, choose the correct port, write your code, and upload it to the board. #### Pros: - Easy to use for beginners - Extensive community support and available libraries - Compatible with Windows, macOS, and Linux #### Cons: - Limited debugging tools - Lacks advanced features - No auto-complete or code suggestion ### Simulation for Arduino DUE: #### Proteus Design Suite: Proteus is a powerful tool for simulating circuits and testing code. It supports the DUE and provides a realistic view of the circuit, allowing interactive debugging and comprehensive component libraries. #### How to Use: Download Proteus, create a new project, select DUE from the library, add components to the schematic, import code from the IDE, and test the simulation. #### Pros: - Extensive library - Specific debugging tools - Accurate simulation for complex projects - Ideal for prototyping and professional use #### Cons: - Paid software - Steep learning curve for beginners ### Applications of Arduino DUE: #### Robotics and Automation: DUE is used in robotics and automation for controlling multiple components and real-time processing in systems like robotic arms and autonomous vehicles. #### IoT Projects: It handles multiple communication protocols for IoT projects, collecting and processing data from various sensors. It is used in environmental monitoring and home automation systems. #### Scientific and Environmental Research: DUE is used in biological labs and research for analysis and precise data logging, as well as in physics experiments. #### Audio Processing: DUE is commonly used in audio applications like sound synthesis and digital music instruments. ### Conclusion: Arduino DUE is a versatile and powerful microcontroller board with a 32-bit ARM Cortex-M3 processor. It is ideal for applications requiring high-power resolution such as environmental monitoring, scientific research, robotics, IoT, home automation, and industrial automation. While it has some limitations, it bridges the gap between beginner and advanced-level complex projects. Understanding the features and capabilities of Arduino DUE allows users to leverage its strengths effectively in various applications.

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