Know the "excavator"

Excavators , also known as excavating machinery, are excavating materials above or below the surface of the plane with buckets, and are loaded into transport vehicles or earthmoving machinery that is unloaded to the stockyard.

First, the definition of an excavator

Excavators, also known as excavating machinery, are excavating materials above or below the surface of the plane with buckets, and are loaded into transport vehicles or earthmoving machinery that is unloaded to the stockyard. The materials excavated are mainly soil, coal, silt, and soil and rock after pre-slacking. From the perspective of the development of construction machinery in recent years, the development of excavators is relatively fast, and excavators are one of the most important types of construction machinery in engineering construction. The correct selection of models is even more important.

Second, a brief history of excavators

The first manual excavator has been in existence for more than 130 years and has experienced the gradual development of a fully automatic hydraulic excavator driven by a steam-driven bucket rotary excavator to an electric drive and an internal combustion engine-driven rotary excavator. process.

Due to the application of hydraulic technology, in the 1940s, there were hanging excavators equipped with hydraulic backhoes on tractors, and in the early and mid-1950s, drag-type full-rotary hydraulic excavators and crawler-type hydraulic excavators were successively developed. . The hydraulic excavator that was trial-produced in the initial stage was a hydraulic technology using aircraft and machine tools. It lacked hydraulic components suitable for the excavator's various working conditions. The manufacturing quality was not stable enough and the parts were not complete. Since the 1960s, hydraulic excavators have entered the stage of promotion and vigorous development. Excavator manufacturers and varieties have increased rapidly in various countries, and production has soared. Between 1968 and 1970, the output of hydraulic excavators accounted for 83% of the total excavator output, which is currently close to 100%.

Third, the composition of the excavator

Common excavator structures include powerplants, work devices, swing mechanisms, steering mechanisms, transmission mechanisms, travel mechanisms, and auxiliary facilities.

From the appearance point of view, the excavator consists of a working device, an upper turntable, and a walking mechanism.

Fourth, the classification of the excavator

The following is a classification of common excavators:

Excavator classification 1: Common excavators are driven by two types: internal combustion engine driven excavator and electric driven excavator. Among them, electric excavators are mainly used in high altitude hypoxia and underground mines and other flammable and explosive places.

Excavator classification two: According to the different walking methods, excavators can be divided into crawler excavators and wheel excavators.

Excavator classification three: According to the different transmission methods, excavators can be divided into hydraulic excavators and mechanical excavators. Mechanical excavators are mainly used in some large-scale mines.

Excavator Category 4: According to purpose, excavators can be divided into general excavators, mining excavators, marine excavators, special excavators and other different categories.

Excavator Category 5: According to the bucket, the excavator can be divided into front shovel excavator and backhoe excavator. The shovel shovel is mostly used for excavating materials above the ground surface. Backhoes are used to excavate materials below the surface.