Introduction to ASTM A423 Grade 3 Low Alloy Steel Pipe
ASTM A423 Grade 3 steel pipe is a type of low alloy steel designed for use in pressure-bearing components, such as economizers, where corrosion resistance and structural integrity are essential. This specification covers seamless and resistance-welded pipes with minimum wall thickness, suitable for a variety of industrial applications.
Standard Specification: ASTM A423 outlines the requirements for both seamless and electrically welded low alloy steel pipes. These pipes are commonly used in environments where high strength and resistance to corrosion are required. The standard specifies that the pipes should have an outside diameter ranging from 1/2 to 5 inches (12.7 to 127 mm) and a wall thickness between 0.035 to 0.500 inches (0.9 to 12.7 mm).
Manufacturing Process: ASTM A423 Grade 3 pipes can be produced using either a seamless or electric resistance welding process. Seamless pipes may be manufactured through hot or cold working methods, depending on the desired properties and application requirements.
Heat Treatment: To ensure optimal mechanical properties, ASTM A423 Grade 3 steel pipes must be normalized or subjected to other appropriate heat treatment processes. This helps improve the material's toughness and durability under operating conditions.
Carbon, max | 0.06% |
Manganese | 0.70–1.40% |
Phosphorus, max | 0.020% |
Sulfur, max | 0.020% |
Silicon | 0.55% max |
Copper | 0.25–0.45% |
Chromium | – |
Nickel | 0.50% max |
Molybdenum | 0.20% max |
Antimony | 0.05–0.15% |
Mechanical Properties:
Property | Grade 3 |
Tensile Strength, min. ksi | 55 [380 MPa] |
Yield Strength, min. ksi [MPa] | 33 [230 MPa] |
Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, min. % | 35% |
For longitudinal strip tests, a deduction of 1.25% per 1/32 in. [0.6 mm] decrease in wall thickness below 5/16 in. [8 mm] | 1.25 A |
Hardness | 170 HB max |
It’s important to note that calculated elongation values should be rounded to the nearest whole number. ASTM A423 Grade 3 steel pipes are widely used in power generation, chemical processing, and other industries where reliable performance under stress and corrosion is critical. Their combination of strength, ductility, and corrosion resistance makes them a preferred choice in demanding environments.
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